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In May 1961, just as US President John F. Kennedy announced that NASA should put an American on the moon, the US Air Force released a secret report, summarising the result of years of planning to place a military base on the moon by 1967. Lunex was not a race against the Russians, but rather a plan to achieve the 'strategic high ground'. The report reveals the reason for USAF support of development of the advanced and large rocket engines begun in the late 1950's: the LR-115 (RL-10), J-2, F-1, M-1, and large solid rocket motors. The RL-10, designed for the USAF from the beginning as a throttleable motor for the Lunex lunar lander, finally put this capability to use twenty years later in the DC-X VTOL vehicle. The report specified five manned orbital tests of the Lunex lifting body vehicle based on the SV-5 wind tunnel model. This lifting body shape led eventually to the X-23A PRIME subscale model flight tests and the X-24A manned research aircraft program. References:
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